Discover the geography, history, and purpose of Lake Erie, which is the smallest of the five Great Lakes, and creates the northern shores of Ohio. Formed by glacier activity during and following the Ice Age, Lake Erie joins the rest of the Great Lakes to provide 90% of all of the water in the United States.
Class Discussion Questions:
1) What impact has Lake Erie had on Ohio's development?
2) Create a poster encouraging people to visit Lake Erie.
Read the Script:
Today we鈥檙e gonna take a dive into one of Ohio鈥檚 most treasured natural resources: our own Great Lake -- Erie! Ohio鈥檚 North Coast is a great place to swim, fish, and sail 鈥� and it鈥檚 also part of the reason Cleveland and Toledo exist, as the waterway connects these cities to other large cities. And, in the 1800s, before planes, trains, and automobiles, ships and boats were the fastest and most efficient mode of transportation. Even today, Lake Erie provides an important shipping route, which spans all the way to the Atlantic Ocean.
Erie is the smallest of the Great Lakes, which as a whole, contain the largest supply of freshwater on the planet. In fact, 90% of the fresh water in the United States is located in these five lakes.
But they weren鈥檛 always so splashy! Twenty thousand years ago these lakes looked like this. Mind you, it was the Ice Age, so much of the northern United States and Canada were covered in these large chunks of ice, called glaciers. And, when I say large I mean huge. The glacier that formed the Great Lakes was two miles thick鈥ey Tower, Cleveland鈥檚 tallest building, would have been dwarfed by this massive glacier!
As the Ice Age came to an end, and things started warming up, the glaciers spent over 10,000 years melting into what are now the Great Lakes. Lake Erie, as the southernmost lake, was the first one formed.
Its spooky name comes from some of the earliest human inhabitants along its shores. The Erie people were Native Americans, who farmed and hunted among fearsome predators like Mountain Lions. In their native tongue, Erie is short for Erielhonan, which means roughly 鈥渓ong tail,鈥� a reference to the wild cats they lived among.
As White settlers arrived and cities around the lake grew, unregulated industries began polluting the lake. The pollution became so bad that in the 1960鈥檚 environmental activists even declared the lake 鈥渄ead.鈥� Since then, the U.S. government stepped in to stop the pollution, by passing the Clean Water Act.
Although the lake still struggles with a man-made algae problem, it鈥檚 come back to life! Which is a good thing, considering over 11 million people now get their drinking water from Lake Erie.
Instructional Links
Primary Sources & Video: Cleveland Historical, Lake Erie
Website Article & Timeline: Ohio Department of Natural Resources: Lake Erie Facts & History
Video: North American Geoquest Series, Great Lakes Region
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